Characteristics and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis cases by risk groups, Japan, 2007–2010

Authors

  • Kazuhiro Uchimura The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-tuberculosis Association, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Jintana Ngamvithayapong-Yanai
  • Lisa Kawatsu
  • Akihiro Ohkado
  • Takashi Yoshiyama
  • Akira Shimouchi
  • Kunihiko Ito
  • Nobukatsu Ishikawa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5365/wpsar.2012.3.4.016

Abstract

Introduction: We studied the characteristics and treatment outcomes of the following risk groups for tuberculosis (TB): those with HIV and diabetes mellitus (DM), contact cases, the homeless, foreigners, health care workers (HCW) and the elderly.

Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted by analysing the Japanese TB surveillance data of all cases registered between 2007 and 2010 (N = 96 689).

Results: The annual proportion of TB cases by risk group was stable over the study period, although there was a slight but significant increase observed for foreigner and elderly cases. Homeless and elderly TB cases had the highest DM co-morbidity (16.6% and 15.3%), respectively. HIV co-infection was low in all TB cases (0.2%) yet highest in foreigners (1.3%). HIV status of 45% of TB cases was unknown. The proportion of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) was similar among all risk groups (0.0%–0.9%) except foreigner, at 3.4%. Males in most risk groups had higher mortality than females; the mortality of all TB cases in all age groups for both males and females was 3.6–24 times higher than the general population.

Discussion: Reasons for the high proportion of “HIV status unknown” should be investigated and improved. Contact tracing among foreign cases with MDR-TB should be a priority. Homeless persons should be screened for DM together with TB. Programmes to enhance health and nutrition status may benefit TB prevention among the elderly. Tuberculosis screening and TB education are important for HCW.

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Published

29-01-2013

How to Cite

1.
Uchimura K, Ngamvithayapong-Yanai J, Kawatsu L, Ohkado A, Yoshiyama T, Shimouchi A, Ito K, Ishikawa N. Characteristics and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis cases by risk groups, Japan, 2007–2010. Western Pac Surveill Response J [Internet]. 2013 Jan. 29 [cited 2026 Mar. 21];4(1). Available from: https://ojs.wpro.who.int/ojs/index.php/wpsar/article/view/186

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013): January – March

Section

Tuberculosis - Surveillance Report

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