Intestinal parasites of children and adults in a remote Aboriginal community of the Northern Territory, Australia, 1994–1996

Authors

  • Jennifer Shield La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
  • Kieran Aland Queensland Museum, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
  • Therese Kearns Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
  • Glenda Gongdjalk Ngalkanbuy Health Centre, Galiwin’ku, Northern Territory, Australia
  • Deborah Holt Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
  • Bart Currie Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia; Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
  • Paul Provic University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5365/wpsar.2015.6.1.008

Abstract

Introduction: Parasitic infections can adversely impact health, nutritional status and educational attainment. This study investigated hookworm and other intestinal parasites in an Aboriginal community in Australia from 1994 to 1996.

Methods: Seven surveys for intestinal parasites were conducted by a quantitative formol-ether method on faecal samples. Serological testing was conducted for Strongyloides stercoralis and Toxocara canis IgG by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

Results: Of the 314 participants, infections were as follows: Trichuris trichiura (86%); hookworm, predominantly Ancylostoma duodenale (36%); Entamoeba spp. (E. histolytica complex [E. histolytica, E. dispar and E. moskovski], E. coli and E. hartmanni) (25%); S. stercoralis (19%); Rodentolepis nana (16%); and Giardia duodenalis (10%). Serological diagnosis for 29 individuals showed that 28% were positive for S. stercoralis and 21% for T. canis. There was a decrease in the proportion positive for hookworm over the two-year period but not for the other parasite species. The presence of hookworm, T. trichiura and Entamoebaspp. was significantly greater in 5–14 year olds (n = 87) than in 0–4 year olds (n = 41), while the presence of S. stercoralis, R. nana, G. duodenalis and Entamoeba spp. in 5–14 year olds was significantly greater than 15–69 year olds (n = 91).

Discussion: Faecal testing indicated a very high prevalence of intestinal parasites, especially in schoolchildren. The decrease in percentage positive for hookworm over the two years was likely due to the albendazole deworming programme, and recent evidence indicates that the prevalence of hookworm is now low. However there was no sustained decrease in percentage positive for the other parasite species.

Discussion: Faecal testing indicated a very high prevalence of intestinal parasites, especially in school children. The decrease in percentage positive for A. duodenale over the two years was likely due to the albendazole deworming program, and recent evidence indicates that the prevalence of A. duodenale is now low. However there was no sustained decrease in percentage positive for the other parasite species. 

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Published

06-03-2015

How to Cite

1.
Shield J, Aland K, Kearns T, Gongdjalk G, Holt D, Currie B, Provic P. Intestinal parasites of children and adults in a remote Aboriginal community of the Northern Territory, Australia, 1994–1996. Western Pac Surveill Response J [Internet]. 2015 Mar. 6 [cited 2024 Apr. 19];6(1). Available from: https://ojs.wpro.who.int/ojs/index.php/wpsar/article/view/298

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 1 (2015): January – March

Section

Original Research

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